Metronidazole (Flagyl)


Indications

Clostridium Difficile Colitis (see Clostridium Difficile)

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Pharmacology

Nitroimidazole Antimicrobial

  • Metronidazole was Originally Introduced to Treat Trichomonas Vaginalis, But is Currently Utilized to Treat a Variety of Anaerobic and Protozoal Infections (Clin Pharmacokinet, 1999) [MEDLINE]

Metabolism

  • Majority of Metronidazole and its Metabolites are Excreted in Urine and Feces
    • Less than 12% of Metronidazole is Excreted Unchanged in the Urine

Administration

Oral (PO)

Intravenous (IV)

Dose

Dose Adjustment

Use in Pregnancy (see Pregnancy)

Use During Breast Feeding


Adverse Effects

Allergic/Immunologic Adverse Effects

Anaphylaxis (see Anaphylaxis)

Serum Sickness-Like Reaction (see xxxx)

Cardiovascular Adverse Effects

QT Prolongation without Definite Association with Torsade (see Torsade)

Dermatologic Adverse Effects

Pruritus (Genital) (see xxxx)

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) (see xxxx)

Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects

Abdominal Pain (see Abdominal Pain)

Acute Pancreatitis (see Acute Pancreatitis)

Diarrhea (see Diarrhea)

Disulfiram-Like Reaction

Nausea (see Nausea and Vomiting)

Neurologic Adverse Effects

General Comments

Aseptic Meningitis (see Aseptic Meningitis)

Encephalopathy (see xxxx)

Headache (see Headache)

Neurocerebellar Toxicity (see xxxx)

Optic Neuropathy (see xxxx)

Peripheral Neuropathy (see Peripheral Neuropathy)

Seizures (see Seizures)

Vertigo (see Vertigo)

Pulmonary Adverse Effects

Drug-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilia (see Drug-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilia)

Reproductive Adverse Effects

Vaginitis (see xxxx)

Other Adverse Effects


References

Administration

Adverse Effects