Platypnea-Orthodeoxia


Definitions


Etiology

Intrapulmonary Shunt

Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PE) (see Acute Pulmonary Embolism)

  • Epidemiology
    • Case Report of Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Intrapulmonary Shunt Due to Bilateral Lower Lobe Pulmonary Emboli (South Med J, 2011) [MEDLINE]
  • Physiology
    • While Intrapulmonary Shunt May Be a Contributor to Hypoxemia in the Setting of Acute Pulmonary Embolism (Typically with Coexistent Atelectasis), the Major Mechanism of Hypoxemia in Acute Pulmonary Embolism is V/Q Mismatch

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (see Hepatopulmonary Syndrome)

  • Physiology
    • Due to Anatomic Intrapulmonary Shunt (Which Often Increases with the Patient in an Upright Position, Resulting in Orthodeoxia/Platypnea)

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) (see Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation)

  • Physiology
    • Due to Anatomic Intrapulmonary Shunt

Post-Pulmonary Resection

  • Physiology
    • Due to Anatomic Intrapulmonary Shunt

Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration (see Pulmonary Sequestration)

  • Epidemiology
    • One Reported Case of Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration Resulting in Platypnea-Orthodeoxia
  • Physiology
    • Due to Anatomic Intrapulmonary Shunt

Extrapulmonary Shunt

Intracardiac Shunt (see Intracardiac Shunt and Extracardiac Shunt)

  • Physiology
    • Right-to-Left Intracardiac Shunt

References