Epidemiology

• Very rare (<100 reported cases)

Physiology

• Congenital or acquired pulmonary venous tortuosity/dilatation near entrance to LA

Diagnosis

• CXR/Chest CT Pattern: round or oval slightly lobulated, well-defined nodule (1-3 cm)/ may be multiple
  • Location: medial third of lung (lingular vein on left or medial basal vein on right), close to LA
  • Calcification: none
  • Cavitation: none
  • Change in size with Valsalva/ Mueller maneuvers
• Pulmonary angiogram: late filling and slow drainage (as compared to pulmonary AVM)